Two heterozygous parents are crossed. Check the following cross gives a typical dihybrid test cross ratio? What is the cross known as when the progeny of F1 and a homozygous recessive plant is crossed? If the two genes interact with the values will deviate. What do you mean by Mendelian disorder? chromosomes. Both the parents are carrier (i.e., heterozygous) hence among offspring few show the trait irrespective of sex. Observe the above cross and name the phenomenon. Failure of segregation of chromatids during cell division cycle results in the gain or loss of a chromosome(s), called aneuploidy. A.5. 10. Q9.Why is colour blindness more prominent in males than females? Tall, White = 132 Therefore, in F1 generation, the character that is dominant i.e., the round seeds surfaced and the recessive character i.e., the wrinkled seeds got suppressed that resurfaced in the F2 generation. We hope the Plus Two Zoology Chapter Wise Previous Questions Chapter 3 Principles of Inheritance and Variation help you. Chromosomes segregate and assort independently. On self-pollinating these F1 plants got both red and white flowered plants in 3:1 ratio. Question 2. a. Answer. Q.10. From Biology, we understand that as human beings, we inherit some genes from our parents by conception. b. RBC become sickle shaped. Today genetic maps are extensively used as a starting point in the sequencing of whole genomes as was done in the case of the Human Genome Sequencing Project. Thomas Hunt Morgan put forth chromosome theory of linkage from this work on fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster). NCERT Solutions, NCERT Exemplars, Revison Notes, Free Videos, CBSE Papers, MCQ Tests & more. (c) Pleiotropy (d) Polygeny It may be triploid or tetraploid. Why? For becoming colourblind, the female must have the allele for it in both her X-chromosomes; but males develop colourblindness when their sole X-chromosome has the allele for it. Multiple Choice Questions on Mendel Genetics; Multiple Choice Questions on Molecular basis of inheritance; Multiple Choice Questions on Human Genetic Disorders; Answers 1. b) Genes for wrinkled and round 2. d) Turner syndrome 3. c) polygeneic inheritance 4. c) 24 5. c) Tall pea plant. 2. Observe the diagram and answer the following questions. There was a clear differentiation of the sexes—the male and female flies are easily distinguishable. Do you think Mendel’s laws of inheritance would have been different if the (a) Platypus (b) Snails What would be probability of her sons and daughters to be colour blind? In a cross between red and white flowered plant, all the F, plants are pink flowered. • Such an individual has overall masculine development, however, the feminine development (development of breast, i.e., Gynaecomastia) is also expressed. Observe the figures and answer the questions. The genes present in an organism show a particular trait by way of forming certain product. This condition affects an individual both physically and mentally. Like humans, these fruit flies species have a similar distribution of chromosomes. (c) Morgan and his group knew that the genes were located on the X chromosome and saw quickly that when the two genes in a dihybrid cross were situated on the same chromosome, the proportion of parental gene combinations were much higher than the non-parental type. 1. The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family. [March-2014] Answer: a. iv. The RBC become sickle shaped causing a disease sickle cell anaemia. A single mating could produce a large number of progeny flies. The first child of a couple is affected with Phenylketonuria. 1. Its study and the variation exhibited by species helps to understand the process of evolution and enables to explain the differences in characteristics. The nucleus of each cell consists of 23 pairs of chromosomes or 46 chromosomes out of which 22 pairs are autosomes and the last pair, the 23rd pair is the sex chromosome. (c) Will not form any linkage groups The patient exhibits the following characteristics: 3) XO– Loss of X-chromosome results in Turner’s syndrome. A.6. In sickle cell anaemia glutamic acid is replaced by valine. Principles of inheritance and variation: Previous Year Questions Part 1 PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION. . A.1. When a cross in made between tall plant with yellow seeds (TtYy) and tall plant with green seed (Ttyy), what proportions of phenotype in the offspring could be expected to be. Q.4. Which one of the following are triplets codes for valine? Genetics, Your email address will not be published. The male individual possesses feminine characteristics. The individuals cannot evolve on their own. A.9. A.6. Whereas sickle-shaped RBCs are elongated, non-flexible and rigid in structure which causes the cells to stick to the walls of the blood vessels leading to a blockage slowing or stopping the blood flow, hence sickle cell anemia. Similarities between Chromosomes and Genes: 12. Q11.Define the chromosomal theory of inheritance? A child has blood group O. The inheritance involved is incomplete dominance. Inheritance is the transfer of genes from parents to the offsprings. Molecular Basis of Inheritance 13. The male and the female Drosophila can be differentiated easily. How far are the genes and environment responsible for the expression of a particular trait? Sickle cell anaemia is an autosomal recessive disease in which the red blood cells become sickle-shaped, inhibiting the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. (a) Distance between the genes and percentage of recombination shows Try out the quiz on the inheritance principles below. Note the relationship between the first two words and suggests a suitable word to the fourth place. What is point mutation? Answer. Describe the individuals with the following chromosomal abnormalities: 1) Trisomy– Trisomy results in an autosomal linked genetic disorder known as Down’s syndrome. Principles of Inheritance and Variation 42 Questions Ask question. (a) a direct relationship (b) an inverse relationship What is artificial selection? How? Mendel’s Law of independent assortment holds good for genes situated on the Occasionally, a single gene, may express more than one effect. In case, an organism possess only one copy of the gene then the possibility of reappearance of white flower in the F2 generation of the given cross is not there. 3. 5. Also Acess Class 12 Biology Sample papers and class 12 Biology Previous Year Question Papers, Important Questions for Class 12 Biology Full siblings are first-degree relatives and, on average, share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans. Principles of Inheritance and Variation Class 12 Biology MCQs Pdf Question 1. Answer. Do your best, if you don't know the answer it is best to guess rather than leave a blank. It is an ancient method of genetic engineering. Both mother and father are heterozygous for ‘A’ and ‘B’ blood group, respectively. Which Naruto Character Are You Most Like. Here is the Huge Collection of Biology Questions, Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs), Short Questions with Answers for Biology Students. Filed Under: CBSE Tagged With: CBSE Class 12 Biology, CBSE Class 12 Biology Principles of Inheritance and Variation., CBSE Exemplar Problems Class 12 Biology Principles of Inheritance and Variation, RD Sharma Class 11 Solutions Free PDF Download, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Computer Science (Python), NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Computer Science (C++), NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Micro Economics, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Macro Economics, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Entrepreneurship, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Computer Science (Python), NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Entrepreneurship, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Indian Economic Development, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science, NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Sanchayan, NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Sparsh, NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Kshitiz, NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Kritika, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Foundation of Information Technology, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Foundation of IT, PS Verma and VK Agarwal Biology Class 9 Solutions, Chapter 2 Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, Chapter 5 Principles of Inheritance and Variation, Chapter 9 Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, Chpater 11 Biotechnology: Principles and Processes, Chapter 12 Biotechnology and its Applications. 6. Discuss the genetic basis of wrinkled phenotype of pea seed. Question 1: Mention the advantages of selecting pea plant for experiment by Mendel. Answer. Why did Mendel self-pollinate the tall F1 plants to get the F2 generation and crossed a pure breeding tall plant with a pure breeding dwarf plant to obtain the F1 generation? This is why pea plants are able to produce offspring with the same traits over generations, Cross pollination can easily be achieved through emasculation wherein the stamen of the flower is plucked without any disturbance to the pistil, These plants have a short life span wherein they produce plenty of seeds in one generation alone, Take a tall plant (TT) and cross it with a dwarf plant(tt), This tall plant(Tt) is then test crossed with homozygous recessive plant(tt), He proposed and established that genes are positioned on the chromosomes, He discovered the basis for variations as a result of sexual reproduction, He discovered the concept of linkage and discriminated linked and unlinked genes, He stated the chromosomal theory of linkage, He carried out a study on sex-linked inheritance, Morgan stated chiasma type hypothesis demonstrating that the chiasma causes crossing over, He observed that the frequency of recombination between two linked genes is directly proportional to the distance between them both, He put forward the methodology for chromosome mapping, Serves as a powerful tool which can be used to trace the inheritance of a particular trait, disease or an abnormality, It is helpful for genetic counsellors to suggest couples about the possibility of having children with genetic abnormalities such as colour blindness, haemophobia, thalassaemia, sickle cell anaemia etc, The analysis is helpful in indicating the origination of a trait and its flow in ancestors, It is helpful in suggesting that Mendel’s principles can be applied to human genetics with some alteration such as quantitative inheritance, sex-related linkage and characters, Helpful in reasoning why marriage between close relatives is harmful, Helpful in extensive research in the field of medical science. a. [March-2015] Answer: a. Down’s syndrome, 45A+XY or 45A + XX b. AB, Ab, aB, ab. Answer. What does it tell us about the nature of alleles involved? Q.8. Radioactive decay, such as 14C in DNA which decays into nitrogen. In mammals, the homogametic sex (XX) is female and the heterogametic sex (XY) is male. Dominance is the phenomenon in which one variant of a gene masks the effect of a different variant of the same gene.
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