Nietzsche's philosophy as a whole is not egocentric. In 1844, his The Ego and Its Own (Der Einzige und sein Eigentum which may literally be translated as The Unique Individual and His Property) was published, which is considered to be "a founding text in the tradition of individualist anarchism." The long association of French anarchism with theoretical voluntarism and practical illegality, sympathy for working class criminality, and hostility to bourgeois morals and socialist politics, meant that Stirner's ideas were easily accessible to many anarchists not yet blinded by an ideologically `pure' anarchism. Her view was rather that Nietzsche owed a debt to Stirner for introducing new ideas that were significant to Nietzsche in his own work: That Nietzsche and Stirner seem to us so diametrically different, and actually are, is obvious! Nietzsche's positive task is twofold: the Overman and Transvaluation. He was a philistine, I feel no affinity with him; but Stirner, yes, with him!" Nietzsche knew these works by Hartmann and Lange very well. But Mr. Baumgartner [...] was the favorite student of Nietzsche—known in their correspondence as "Erzschüler". See: Thomas H. Brobjer, "Philologica: A Possible Solution to the Stirner-Nietzsche Question", in, Conversations with Nietzsche, A Life in the Words of his Contemporaries, Edited with and Introduction by Sander L. Gilman, Translated by David J. Nietzsche: a Philosophical Biography. Levy was not alone. [33], Jean Grave, a French anarchist active in the 1890s, confronted by the growing numbers of anarchists who associated themselves with Nietzsche and Stirner expressed contempt for this trend, "without a doubt, well before the bourgeois litteratures had discovered Nietzsche and Stirner, several anarchists had found that the 'Individual' had only to consider his own 'self,' his own comfort, and his own development". "Nietzsche's popularity among the socialists was surpassed only by the admiration showered on him by American anarchists. It would be wrong to suggest that these various parallels are wholly implausible. [1] Roughly equivalent to a college prep school. [22] In June of that year, Nietzsche dedicated to von Bülow his new musical composition Manfred-Meditation and sent him a copy of the score. And a solemn expression passed over his face. Max Stirner was not only one of the first to elaborate a consistently anarchist theoretical orientation; he was also the most sophisticated and important anarchist critic of philosophy then and since. Here, J. L. Walker notes that "Nietzsche has been much spoken of as a disciple of Stirner" and goes on to explicitly state: "In style Stirner's work offers the greatest possible contrast to the puerile, padded phraseology of Nietzsche's "Zarathustra" and its false imagery. During this time, the most comprehensive account of Nietzsche's reception in the German language, the 4 volume work of Richard Frank Krummel: Nietzsche discovered Lange's book immediately after its appearance and praised it as "the most important philosophical work in decades" (letter to Hermann Mushacke, mid November 1866); as to Hartmann, who was also developing the ideas of Schopenhauer, Nietzsche singled out his book in his second, Eduard von Hartmann, Nietzsches "neue Moral", in, This author believes that one should be careful in comparing the two men.

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